تعامل شدت مصرف انرژی و حکمرانی خوب بر رشد اقتصادی (مورد مطالعه: کشورهای عضو اوپک)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 استاد تمام گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 دانشجو دکتری اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده
چکیده گسترده
معرفی:
دسترسی مردم به منابع انرژی و کاهش فقر از مقدمات دستیابی  به اهداف توسعه پایدار به شمار می­رود. از همین رو تلاش برای رشد اقتصادی پایدار و کیفیت پایدار محیط­زیست به‌سرعت به موضوع مهمی در بین دولت‌ها، نهادهای بین­المللی و سایر افراد علاقه­مند به توسعه پایدار تبدیل‌شده است (Awodumi & Adwuyi, 2020). همچنین عدم حاکمیت مناسب در اقتصاد، فساد و ناکارآمدی دولت­ها بحران­ انرژی را برای کشورهای صاحب منابع به وجود آورده است. اما از طرفی، حکمرانی خوب مستلزم دخالت در فرایندهای محلی یا ملی به ‌منظور تدوین صحیح سیاست‌ها و اهداف کلیدی اجتماعی، اقتصادی، فناوری، زیست‌محیطی و سیاسی یک کشور یا جامعه و مدیریت صحیح منابع با درج چارچوب نهادی است (Wang, Zhang, & Wang, 2018).
 
متدولوژی:
این پژوهش به بررسی تأثیر شدت مصرف انرژی و حکمرانی خوب بر رشد اقتصادی با استفاده از روش پانل دیتای پویا، برای 12 کشور عضو اوپک در دوره زمانی 2002-2019 می­پردازد. فرضیات پژوهش را می­توان بدین صورت در نظر گرفت :1 - شدت مصرف انرژی بر رشد اقتصادی کشورهای عضو اوپک تأثیر مثبت و معنا‌داری دارد. 2- شاخص حکمرانی خوب بر رشد اقتصادی کشورهای عضو اوپک تأثیر مثبت و معنا‌داری دارد. 3- اثرات متقاطع شدت مصرف انرژی و حکمرانی خوب بر رشد اقتصادی مثبت و معنادار است.
 
یافته­ها:
یافته­ها نشان می­دهد بین شدت مصرف انرژی و حکمرانی خوب بر رشد اقتصادی رابطه مثبت و معناداری وجود دارد. تشکیل سرمایه ثابت ناخالص و جمعیت شهری نیز تأثیری مثبت و معنادار و از سوی دیگر تورم و بیکاری تأثیری منفی و معنادار بر رشد اقتصادی کشورهای مورد مطالعه دارند.  همچنین اثر تعاملی شدت مصرف انرژی و حکمرانی خوب بر رشد اقتصادی نیز مثبت و معنادار بوده است.
به صورت کلی، نتایج حاصل از پژوهش حکایت از تأثیر شدت مصرف انرژی و حکمرانی خوب بر رشد اقتصادی دارد.
 
نتیجه:
این نکته بارز است که باید توجه سیاستگذاران بخش اقتصاد انرژی و منابع طبیعی در کشورهای عضو اوپک به سمت ایجاد شاهراه‌هایی برای پررنگ کردن نقش حکمرانی خوب در سیستم اقتصاد کشورهایشان باشند.
همچنین سیاست­هایی برای اشتغال‌زایی در سطوح مختلف انرژی­های تجدیدپذیر مورد اهتمام این کشورها باشد. سرمایه­گذاری درست و بهینه و جذب سرمایه­های مفید و بالقوه و به بالفعل کردن آن  نیز از اساس و ضروریات این کشورها به شما می­رود. به صورت کلی بر اساس مدل معرفی شده و یافته­های به دست آمده نتایج ذیل قابل استنباط است:
اقدامات موثر و پیشرانانه­ای جهت تحکیم فرآیند مدیریت مصرف انرژی (توأم بخش فسیلی و نیز تجدیدپذیر) در کشورهای موردمطالعه؛ چرا که قطعاً مدیریت مصرف بهینه انرژی و داشتن برنامه و سیاست­های بهینه برای آن می­تواند به رشد اقتصادی بیشتر کشورهای نفتی منجر گردد.
 تقویت بنیه حکمرانی کشورهای مورد مطالعه به عنوان پیشنهاد دوم مطرح می­گردد. قطعاً براساس مرور ادبیات و نظریات و نیز نتایج حاصل از مدل ارائه شده در این پژوهش توجه به امر حکمرانی خوب و اقداماتی در راستای افزایش و ارتقاء آن نظیر کاهش فسادها و رانت­های فراوان در اغلب کشورهای مورد مطالعه می­تواند نتایج بسیار بارزی را بر رشد اقتصادی این کشورها به جا بگذارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Interaction of Energy Consumption Intensity and Good Governance on Economic Growth (Case Study: OPEC Member Countries)

نویسندگان English

Hadi Yaser Lofte Alaayedi 1
Mahmood Hoshmand 2
Mehdi Behname 3
Mohammad Javad Gorjipour 4
1 Master of Economics, Faculty of Administrative & Economics Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Full Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Administrative & Economics Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Administrative & Economics Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
4 PhD. candidate in Economics, Faculty of Administrative & Economics Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده English

EXTENDED ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
People's access to energy resources and poverty reduction are considered prerequisites for achieving sustainable development goals. Therefore, efforts for sustainable economic growth and sustainable environmental quality have quickly become an important issue among governments, international institutions, and other people interested in sustainable development (Awodumi & Adwuyi, 2020). Also, the lack of proper governance in the economy, corruption, and inefficiency of the governments has created an energy crisis for countries with resources. But on the other hand, good governance requires involvement in local or national processes in order to correctly formulate the key social, economic, technological, environmental, and political policies and goals of a country or society and properly manage resources by including the institutional framework (Wang, Zhang, & Wang, 2018).
 
METHODOLOGY
This research examines the impact of energy consumption intensity and good governance on economic growth using the dynamic panel data method for 12 OPEC member countries in the period 2002-2019. The hypotheses of the research can be considered as follows: 1- The intensity of energy consumption has a positive and significant effect on the economic growth of OPEC member countries. 2- The good governance index has a positive and significant effect on the economic growth of OPEC member countries. 3- The cross effects of energy consumption intensity and good governance on economic growth are positive and significant.
 
FINDINGS
The results show that there is a positive and significant relationship between the intensity of energy consumption and good governance on economic growth. The formation of gross fixed capital and urban population also have a positive and significant effect, and on the other hand, inflation and unemployment have a negative and significant effect on the economic growth of the studied countries. Also, the interactive effect of the intensity of energy consumption and good governance on economic growth has been positive and significant. In general, the results of the research indicate the impact of the intensity of energy consumption and good governance on economic growth.
 
CONCLUSION
It is a clear point that policymakers in the energy and natural resources economy sector in OPEC member countries should pay attention to creating highways to highlight the role of good governance in the economic system of their countries. Also, policies for creating employment at different levels of renewable energy should be of concern to these countries. Correct and optimal investment and attraction of useful and potential funds and their actualization are also the basis and necessities of these countries. In general, based on the introduced model and the obtained results, the following results can be deduced: effective and driving measures to consolidate the energy consumption management process (including the fossil and renewable sector) in the studied countries; Because definitely, managing the optimal energy consumption and having optimal plans and policies for it can lead to the economic growth of more oil-rich countries. Strengthening the foundation of the governance of the studied countries is proposed as the second proposal. Definitely, based on the review of literature and theories as well as the results of the model presented in this research, paying attention to the matter of good governance and measures to increase and promote it, such as reducing corruption and excessive rents in most of the studied countries, can leave very clear results on the economic growth of these countries.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

  • Energy
  • Unemployment
  • Gross domestic product
  • Inflation
  • Governance
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  • تاریخ دریافت 31 اردیبهشت 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری 01 تیر 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش 05 اسفند 1402
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