Document Type : Article-Based Dissertations
Authors
1 Department of Information Sciences and Knowledge Studies Department, Management Faculty,, University of Tehran
2 National Research Institute for Science Policy, Iran, Tehran
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify and measure the importance of knowledge-based sectors in the Iranian economy. For this purpose, product complexity index and social accounting matrix model (SAM) were used. The research was conducted in library and it is descriptive and applied. The statistical bases of the research consist of export statistics and SAM of 2011. First, using the product complexity index, apparent relative advantage, distance and benefit-opportunity during the above-mentioned years, HS-code products with complexity (knowledge-based) were identified. Next, matching them with ISIC codes in SAM, knowledge-based activities were identified. Finally, calculating increasing production coefficients and later and former links of knowledge-based sectors with other economic sectors and the general economy, the importance of these sectors in the Iranian economy was discussed.
According to the results, 97 knowledge-based products were identified . After HS codes were matched with ISIC sectors, 16 knowledge-based ISIC sectors were considered. Although Iran has not yet been able to create a competitive advantage in all of these products, by policy making and investing in these sectors and products, it can move toward knowledge-based products and develop capabilities close to the existing criteria within the country. Manufacture of food products and beverages with an increasing coefficient of 3.19, livestock, poultry, silkworm and bee breeding, and hunting with an increasing coefficient of 3, manufacture of metal products, except machinery and equipment with an increasing coefficient of 2.57 and other buildings with an increasing coefficient of 2.56, have the highest coefficients. Consequently, The average increasing coefficient for knowledge-based sectors and other sectors are 2.51 and 2.29, respectively. The highest later link in knowledge-based sectors was for food products and beverages with 1.97 units, livestock, poultry, silkworm and bee breeding, and hunting with 1.73 units, and other sectors with 1.67 units. Also, the highest former link was for publication, printing and proliferation of recorded media with 2.56 units, and livestock, poultry, silkworm and honey bee breeding and hunting with 2.27 units. The highest total link was recorded in knowledge-based sections of publication, printing and proliferation of recorded media with 4.06 units, livestock, poultry, silkworm and honey bee breeding and hunting with 4 units, and food products and beverages production with 3.66 units. High link coefficients in knowledge-based sections show that these sectors can have a special role and importance for country.
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