نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد ابهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ابهر، ایران

2 استاد اقتصاد انرژی، گروه اقتصاد انرژی، دانشکده اقتصاد، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار اقتصاد، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد ابهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ابهر، ایران.

4 استاد اقتصاد، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

ضرورت دستیابی به کارایی بالا در صنعت برق کشور با توجه به محدودیت منابع، افزایش روز افزون تقاضای برق ، وابستگی شدید سایر صنایع به این صنعت و مسائل زیست محیطی امری حیاتی است. با توجه به این که نیروگاه‌های حرارتی با بکارگیری از سوخت‌های فسیلی، نقش اساسی را در تأمین برق کشور ایفا می‌کنند، هدف این مطالعه مقایسه کارایی فنی و زیست محیطی در نیروگاه‌های منتخب حرارتی کشور طی سال های 97-1389 است. در این مطالعه از روش عملی ناپارامتریک و روش تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها با رویکرد ستانده محور استفاده شده استنتایج حاصل از کاربرد روش تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها در تعیین کارایی فنی نشان می‌دهد که میانگین کارایی فنی نیروگاه‌های تحت بررسی بین 9/71 و 8/87 درصد بوده است. بررسی میانگین زیست کارایی این نیروگاه‌ها طی این دوره نشان می‌دهد که این کارایی بین 71 و 8/83 درصد بوده است. طی دوره موردبررسی نیروگاه ری همواره دارای کمترین کارایی فنی و زیست کارایی بوده است. ناکارایی این نیروگاه ناشی از ناکارایی مدیریتی و مقیاس به‌صورت توأمان بوده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که کارایی فنی در سال 1390 و زیست کارایی در سال 1395 به دلایل متعدد ازجمله ناکارایی مدیریتی یا ناکارایی مقیاس یا هر دو ناکارایی به‌صورت توأمان کاهش یافته است. میزان انتشار دی اکسید کربن در سال 1392 از سایر سال‌های موردبررسی بیشتر بوده که این امر ناشی از کاهش مصرف گاز طبیعی بوده است. همچنین میزان انتشار دی اکسید گوگرد طی سال‌های 92-1390 به دلیل مصرف بالای نفت کوره و نفت گاز بیش از سایر سال‌ها بوده که این شیوه مصرف سوخت، موجب کاهش زیست کارایی نیروگاه‌ها در سال 1392 گردیده است. همچتین نتایج موید آن است بر اساس سه سناریو تعریف شده، قیمت‌های رمزی در سناریوهای مختلف به ترتیب 982، 827 و 780 ریال برآورد شده است. بر اساس نتایج حاصله می‌توان گفت که قیمت‌گذاری بر اساس هزینه نهایی، صنعت را با کسری مواجه ساخته است بعبارتی دیگر در شرایط روش قیمت‌گذاری هزینه نهایی، بازدهی کافی فراهم نمی شود، و بر این مبنا قیمت‌گذاری رمزی می‌تواند یک شیوه قیمت‌گذاری مطرح در این زمینه باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of technical and environmental efficiency of selected power plants and determination of ramsey price

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khatereh Kaveh 1
  • Ali Emami Meibodi 2
  • farid askari 3
  • Kambiz Hojabr-Kiani 4

1 PhD Student in Economics, Department of Economics, Faculty of Humanities, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran.

2 Professor of Energy Economics, Department of Energy Economics, Faculty of Economics, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Faculty of Humanities, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran.

4 Professor of Economics, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The need to achieve high efficiency in the country's electricity industry is vital due to limited resources, increasing demand for electricity, strong dependence of other industries on this industry and environmental issues. Considering that thermal power plants play a key role in the country's electricity supply by using fossil fuels, the purpose of this study is to compare the technical and environmental efficiency of selected thermal power plants in the country during the years 1389-1397. In this study, non-parametric practical method and data envelopment analysis method with output-oriented approach are used. It was 71.9% and 87.8%. The study of the average bio-efficiency of these power plants during this period shows that this efficiency has been between 71 and 83.8%. During the period under review, Rey power plant has always had the lowest technical and bio-efficiency. The inefficiency of this power plant has been due to managerial and scale inefficiencies both. The results show that technical efficiency in 1390 and bio-efficiency in 1395 have decreased simultaneously for various reasons such as managerial inefficiency or scale inefficiency or both. The amount of carbon dioxide emissions in 1392 was higher than other years under review, which was due to the reduction of natural gas consumption. Also, the amount of sulfur dioxide emissions during the years 1390-92 due to high consumption of fuel oil and gas oil was more than other years that this method of fuel consumption has reduced the bio-efficiency of power plants in 1392. The same results confirm that based on the three defined scenarios, the coded prices in different scenarios are estimated at 982, 827 and 780 Rials, respectively. Based on the results, it can be said that pricing based on final cost has left the industry with a deficit. In other words, in terms of the final cost pricing method, sufficient return is not provided, and based on this, cryptographic pricing can be a pricing method Be the background.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Efficiency
  • Ramsey
  • power plant
  • final cost
  • data envelopment analysis
Aigner, D. J., & Chu, S.-f. (1968). On estimating the industry production function. The American Economic Review, 58(4), 826-839.
Ardabili Miyanaji, P., & Borimnezhad, V. (2017). Evaluation of Agricultural Bank Branches Performance Using Data Envelopment Analysis: Case Study of Alborz Province. Agricultural Economics Research, 8(32), 19-38. doi:20.1001.1.20086407.1395.8.32.2.8
Asatryan, Z., & Barbu, M. (2009). Changes in the structure of German airport charges. In GAP Working Paper, Berlin.
Baumol, W. J., & Bradford, D. F. (1970). Optimal departures from marginal cost pricing. The American Economic Review, 60(3), 265-283.
Emami meibodi, A., Amadeh, H., & Amini, F. (2017). Evaluation of Technical and Environmental Efficiency of Selected Thermal Power Plants of Iran. Quarterly Journal of Energy Policy and Planning Research, 3(3), 33-67. Retrieved from http://epprjournal.ir/article-1-255-fa.html
fazeli, e., vafaei, f., & jamshidi navid, b. (2015). Investigation on efficacy of the hospitals affiliated to Ilam University of Medical Sciences by DEA method. journal of ilam university of medical sciences, 23(1), 89-97. Retrieved from http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-2095-fa.html
Hakimov, R., & Mueller, J. (2014). Marginal costs estimation and market power of German airports. Research in Transportation Economics, 45, 42-48.
Henderson, J. M., & Quandt, R. E. (1971). Microeconomic theory: A mathematical approach.
Hosseinpoor, A., & ghorbanpour, a. (2023). Provide a model based on the dimensions of circular economy, clean production and the fourth generation industrial revolution to improve the sustainable productivity of manufacturing industries. Quarterly Journal of Quantitative Economics (JQE), 20(2), 165-185. doi:10.22055/jqe.2022.39085.2433 [In persian]
Laffont, J.-J., & Tirole, J. (2000). Global price caps and the regulation of access. Brazilian Review of Econometrics, 20(1), 115-146.
Martı́n-Cejas, R. R. (1997). Airport pricing systems in Europe and an application of Ramsey pricing to Spanish airports. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 33(4), 321-327.
Mishra, V. (2019). Measuring Technical Efficiency in Healthcare Service: A Case Study.
Morrison, S. A. (1982). The structure of landing fees at uncongested airports: An application of Ramsey pricing. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 151-159.
Pourebadollahan Covich, M., Fallahi, F., Heydari, K., & Kiani, P. (2017). Efficiency Correction of Iran's Electricity Distribution Companies by Environmental Factors: An Application of Two-stage (DEA and Tobit) Analysis. Iranian Energy Economics, 6(23), 59-88. doi:10.22054/jiee.2017.8026
Saglam, Ü. (2018). The Efficiency Assessment of Renewable Energy Sources with Data Envelopment Analysis. Paper presented at the 2018 Annual Meeting of the Decision Sciences Institute Proceedings, Chicago IL.
Sarıca, K. (2017). Parametric vs. non-parametric efficiency assessment: Case of power plants in Turkey.
Shafiei Nikabadi, M., Shahroudi, K., Oveysiomran, A., & Khosravi, M. R. (2018). Inputs and Outputs Selection of Data Envelopment Analysis to Evaluate the Performance of Regional Electricity Companies in Iran by Neural Network. Industrial Management Studies, 16(51), 181-206. doi:10.22054/jims.2018.15618.1551
Shepherd, W. G. (1992). Ramsey pricing: Its uses and limits. Utilities Policy, 2(4), 296-298.
Sojoodi, S., Dastmalchi, L., & Neshat, H. (2020). Efficiency Ranking of Iranian Power Plants Using Super Efficiency Method. Quarterly Journal of Applied Theories of Economics, 7(2), 223-254. doi:10.22034/ecoj.2020.11290
Suri, A. R., Garshasbi, A. R., & Oryani, B. (2007). Comparative comparison of the efficiency of Iranian commercial banks using DEA and SFA methods. 8(2), 33-60. Retrieved from https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=165785
Wilson, R. B. (1993). Nonlinear pricing: Oxford University Press on Demand.
Xie, B.-C., Chen, Y.-F., Gao, J., & Zhang, S. (2021). Dynamic environmental efficiency analysis of China’s power generation enterprises: a game cross-Malmquist index approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(2), 1697-1711.
Yang, T., Chen, W., Zhou, K., & Ren, M. (2018). Regional energy efficiency evaluation in China: A super efficiency slack-based measure model with undesirable outputs. Journal of cleaner production, 198, 859-866.
Aigner, D. J., & Chu, S.-f. (1968). On estimating the industry production function. The American Economic Review, 58(4), 826-839.
Ardabili Miyanaji, P., & Borimnezhad, V. (2017). Evaluation of Agricultural Bank Branches Performance Using Data Envelopment Analysis: Case Study of Alborz Province. Agricultural Economics Research, 8(32), 19-38. doi:20.1001.1.20086407.1395.8.32.2.8
Asatryan, Z., & Barbu, M. (2009). Changes in the structure of German airport charges. In GAP Working Paper, Berlin.
Baumol, W. J., & Bradford, D. F. (1970). Optimal departures from marginal cost pricing. The American Economic Review, 60(3), 265-283.
Emami meibodi, A., Amadeh, H., & Amini, F. (2017). Evaluation of Technical and Environmental Efficiency of Selected Thermal Power Plants of Iran. Quarterly Journal of Energy Policy and Planning Research, 3(3), 33-67. Retrieved from http://epprjournal.ir/article-1-255-fa.html
fazeli, e., vafaei, f., & jamshidi navid, b. (2015). Investigation on efficacy of the hospitals affiliated to Ilam University of Medical Sciences by DEA method. journal of ilam university of medical sciences, 23(1), 89-97. Retrieved from http://sjimu.medilam.ac.ir/article-1-2095-fa.html
Hakimov, R., & Mueller, J. (2014). Marginal costs estimation and market power of German airports. Research in Transportation Economics, 45, 42-48.
Henderson, J. M., & Quandt, R. E. (1971). Microeconomic theory: A mathematical approach.
Hosseinpoor, A., & ghorbanpour, a. (2023). Provide a model based on the dimensions of circular economy, clean production and the fourth generation industrial revolution to improve the sustainable productivity of manufacturing industries. Quarterly Journal of Quantitative Economics (JQE), 20(2), 165-185. doi:10.22055/jqe.2022.39085.2433 [In persian]
Laffont, J.-J., & Tirole, J. (2000). Global price caps and the regulation of access. Brazilian Review of Econometrics, 20(1), 115-146.
Martı́n-Cejas, R. R. (1997). Airport pricing systems in Europe and an application of Ramsey pricing to Spanish airports. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 33(4), 321-327.
Mishra, V. (2019). Measuring Technical Efficiency in Healthcare Service: A Case Study.
Morrison, S. A. (1982). The structure of landing fees at uncongested airports: An application of Ramsey pricing. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, 151-159.
Pourebadollahan Covich, M., Fallahi, F., Heydari, K., & Kiani, P. (2017). Efficiency Correction of Iran's Electricity Distribution Companies by Environmental Factors: An Application of Two-stage (DEA and Tobit) Analysis. Iranian Energy Economics, 6(23), 59-88. doi:10.22054/jiee.2017.8026
Saglam, Ü. (2018). The Efficiency Assessment of Renewable Energy Sources with Data Envelopment Analysis. Paper presented at the 2018 Annual Meeting of the Decision Sciences Institute Proceedings, Chicago IL.
Sarıca, K. (2017). Parametric vs. non-parametric efficiency assessment: Case of power plants in Turkey.
Shafiei Nikabadi, M., Shahroudi, K., Oveysiomran, A., & Khosravi, M. R. (2018). Inputs and Outputs Selection of Data Envelopment Analysis to Evaluate the Performance of Regional Electricity Companies in Iran by Neural Network. Industrial Management Studies, 16(51), 181-206. doi:10.22054/jims.2018.15618.1551
Shepherd, W. G. (1992). Ramsey pricing: Its uses and limits. Utilities Policy, 2(4), 296-298.
Sojoodi, S., Dastmalchi, L., & Neshat, H. (2020). Efficiency Ranking of Iranian Power Plants Using Super Efficiency Method. Quarterly Journal of Applied Theories of Economics, 7(2), 223-254. doi:10.22034/ecoj.2020.11290
Suri, A. R., Garshasbi, A. R., & Oryani, B. (2007). Comparative comparison of the efficiency of Iranian commercial banks using DEA and SFA methods. 8(2), 33-60. Retrieved from https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=165785
Wilson, R. B. (1993). Nonlinear pricing: Oxford University Press on Demand.
Xie, B.-C., Chen, Y.-F., Gao, J., & Zhang, S. (2021). Dynamic environmental efficiency analysis of China’s power generation enterprises: a game cross-Malmquist index approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(2), 1697-1711.
Yang, T., Chen, W., Zhou, K., & Ren, M. (2018). Regional energy efficiency evaluation in China: A super efficiency slack-based measure model with undesirable outputs. Journal of cleaner production, 198, 859-866.