نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار اقتصاد، گروه اقتصاد و بانکداری اسلامی، دانشکده اقتصاد، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار اقتصاد، گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصادی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 کارشناس‌ارشد علوم اقتصادی، گرایش اقتصاد اسلامی، دانشکده اقتصاد، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

چکیده گسترده
معرفی:
   نهادها و بازارهای مالی کارآمد می توانند موجب افزایش رشد اقتصادی شوند و به طور متقابل بخش مالی نیز باید منعکس­کننده شاخص­های اقتصادی بخش حقیقی باشد.
با توجه به زیر بخش­های بازارهای مالی و اهمیت هر یک در اقتصاد، دو ساختار مالی «بانک پایه» و «بازار پایه» عموما در کشورهایی که از توسعه و عمق مالی رو افزایشی برخوردارند، قابل مشاهده است. در ایران که عمدتا یک نظام مالی بانک پایه دارد، بانک­ها از نقشی اساسی در ایجاد ارتباط میان بازار سرمایه، بازار پول و بازار تامین اطمینان (بازار بیمه) برخوردارند. ایجاد ظرفیت جدید در بخش حقیقی اقتصاد از وظایف و کارویژه­های زیربخش­های بازارمالی به شمار می­رود که پیش­شرط آن، ایجاد ارتباط و پیوستگی سازمانی میان زیربخش­های بازارهای مالی است. در این مطالعه تاثیر ایجاد ارزش افزوده خدمات بانکداری، بیمه­گری و واسطه­گری مالی بر بازار سرمایه مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. در حقیقت سوال اصلی این است که آیا خلق ارزش افزوده جدید در خدمات بانکداری، بیمه­گری و واسطه­گری مالی، می­تواند بر شاخص­های اصلی بازار سرمایه تاثیرگذار باشد؟ وجود یا فقدان این تاثیر در کوتاه­مدت و بلندمدت می­تواند دلالت­های مهمی برای سیاست­گذاران بازار پول و بازار سرمایه داشته باشد.
 
متدولوژی:
بدین منظور از متغیرهای «شاخص قیمت سهام (کل)» و «شاخص مالی» بعنوان شاخص­های نماینده بازار سرمایه (متغیر وابسته)، و بر مبنای الگوی باس (2010) و پیشین دوان، لیترمن و سیمز (DLS)، از تعدیل بیزی الگوی خودرگرسیون با وقفه­های توزیعی در دوره 1370-1399 استفاده شده است.در یک الگوی بیزین، به منظور استفاده از اطلاعات موجود در توزیع مشاهدات و اطلاعات پیشین در دسترس از چگالی پیشین استفاده می­شود. چگالی پیشین ابزاری است برای انعکاس تمامی اطلاعاتی که پژوهش‌گر از مشاهده داده‌ها در ذهن دارد. بنابراین چگالی‌های پیشین می‌توانند از اهمیت زیادی برخوردارند تا بتوانند منعکس­کننده دقیق ویژگی­های توزیعی نمونه مورد استفاده در چارچوب قانون بیز باشند. وقتی تابع پیشین با تابع راستنمایی ترکیب می‌شود، چگالی پسینی بدست می‌آید که ماهیت و ویژگی­های تابع پیشین را در خود دارد و این اهمیت ویژه توابع پیشین در تحلیل­های بیزین را نشان می­دهد. این ویژگی‌ها بدین معناست که اطلاعات چگالی پیشین، تفاسیر مشابهی با تفاسیر حاصل از اطلاعات تابع راستنمایی در اختیار پژوهش‌گران قرار می‌دهد. به عبارت دیگر، تفاسیر مربوط به تابع چگالی پیشینِ داده‌های واقعی با تفاسیر مربوط به تابع چگالی پیشینِ داده‌های ساختگی‌ یکسان خواهد بود.
 
یافته­ها:
نتایج مدلسازی داده­های پژوهش در چارچوب یک الگوی بیزین نشان می­دهد که ارزش افزوده خدمات موسسات پولی و مالی در کوتاه­مدت می­تواند بر شاخص قیمت سهام (در کل و در بخش مالی) تاثیرگذار باشد و از این رو ارتباط کوتاه­مدتی میان ارزش افزوده بانکداری، بیمه­گری و واسطه­گری مالی با بخش مالی (بازار بورس اوراق بهادار) برقرار است ولی این ارتباط در بلندمدت از معنی­داری آماری برخوردار نیست و نمی­توان بازخورد تغییرات ارزش افزوده بانکداری، بیمه­گری و واسطه­گری مالی را در شاخص قیمت سهام (در کل و در بخش مالی) مشاهده نمود.
 
نتیجه:
 این نتایج از یکسو نشان­دهنده تاثیرقابل توجه متغیرهای پولی و ابزارهای قیمتی همانند نقدینگی و تورم بر بازار بورس است و از سوی دیگر دلالت بر ضعف ارتباط میان بخش پولی و مالی و بازار بورس دارد. بنابراین پیشنهاد می­شود که در شرایط بحرانی (با هدف­گذاری کوتاه­مدت)، برای تنظیم بازار بورس از ابزارهای پولی و قیمتی استفاده نمود و در مقابل با اصلاح ایرادات ساختاری بورس، زمینه تاثیرگذاری کوتاه­مدت و بلندمدت ارزش افزوده بانکداری، بیمه­گری و واسطه­گری مالی بر شاخص­های بورسی را فراهم نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Applying Bayesian modification with Doan, Litterman and Sims prior (DLS) in the autoregressive distributed lags model (BARDL): A case study of the short-term and long-term impact of banking, insurance and financial intermediation on capital markets in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • mahdi ghaemi asl 1
  • Seyyed Mahdi Mostafavi 2
  • Mohammad Bonyadi 3

1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Economics, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Administrative and Economic Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

3 M.A. of Islamic Economics, Economics Faculty, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran M.A. of Islamic Economics, Economics Faculty, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

EXTENDED ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
Efficient financial institutions and markets could increase economic growth, and mutually, the financial sector shold also reflect the economic indicators changes in real sector. Given the sub-sectors of financial markets and the importance of each in the economy, the two financial structures "bank-based" and "market- based" are generally visible in countries with increasing financial development and depth. In Iran, which has mainly a bank-based financial system, banks play a key role in establishing a link between the capital market, the money market and insurance market. Creating new capacity in the real sector of the economy is one of the tasks and characteristics of financial market sub-sectors. Moreover, the precondition of this role-taking procedure is to establish organizational connection and cohesion between financial market sub-sectors.
In this study, impact of the banking, insurance and financial intermediation sector with an emphasis on value-added of financial and monetary institutions services on the capital market is examined. In fact, the main question is whether the creation of new added value in banking, insurance and financial intermediation services can affect the main indicators of the capital market? The presence or absence of this effect in the short-term and long-term can have important implications for money market and capital market policymakers. For this purpose, “TEPIX” and “financial index” as capital markets representative indices (the dependent variable) and Bayesian ARDL (BARDL) method based on Doan, Litterman and Sims prior and Bušs (2010) is used in period of 1991-2020.
 
METHODOLOGY
In a Bayesian model, prior density is used in order to use the information contained in the distribution of observations and previously available information. The prior density is a tool for reflecting all the information that the researcher has in mind from observing the data. Therefore, the prior densities can be very important to be able to accurately reflect the distributive properties of the sample used within the framework of Bayesian analysis. When the prior function is combined with the likelihood function, a posterior density is obtained that embodies the nature and properties of the prior function, indicating the special importance of the prior functions in Bayesian analysis. These features mean that the prior density information provides researchers with similar interpretations to the interpretations derived from the likelihood function information. In other words, the interpretations of the prior density function of real data will be the same as the interpretations of the prior density function of the new data. We specify an ARDL model as follows:
The prior function will be written as:

Then  will be a diagonal matrix:

FINDINGS
Results of modeling research data in the framework of a Bayesian model, show that monetary and financial institutions services in the short term could affect stock price index (“TEPIX” and “financial index”), therefore The short-term relationship between the banking, insurance and financial intermediation sector of economy and the financial sector (Stock Exchange market) is established but the statistical significance of this relationship in the long run is not approved and no feedback in stock price indices based on the changes in the banking, insurance and financial intermediation sector is observed.
 
CONCLUSION
These results on one hand indicate a significant impact of monetary variables and tools such as liquidity and price inflation on the stock market, and on the other hand is a sign of weakness in the relationship between the banking, insurance and financial intermediation sector and the stock market. Therefore, it is suggested that in critical situations (with short-term targets), monetary and price tools used to adjust stock market but in contrast, by correction of structural flaws of Stock Exchange market, the context of short term and long-term impact of the banking, insurance and financial intermediation sector on stock indices will be provided.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Stock Market
  • Banking
  • Insurance and Financial Intermediation Sector
  • BARDL
  • Doan
  • Litterman and Sims prior
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