Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Bu-Ali
2 MA student of economics, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, I.R. of Iran
Abstract
Nowadays, the importance of using modern high technology to industrialize developing countries that intend to inter in world economy is more and more evident. High-tech imported commodities as a proxy variable for spillover effect and technology transfer would the knowledge level in these countries. This process might increase the share of high tech industries in GDP and improve their exportation. In this study, using Romer’s endogenous growth model, the impact of import and export of low technology industries have been studied on economic growth of Iran for the period of 2003-2013. In this regard, seasonal data were used in an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model to examine the relationship between variables. Results indicated a positive and significant impact of import and export of low technology industries on Iran’s economic growth. Also other variables i.e. capital stock, employment and research and development expenditures have had a positive and significant effects on Iranian economic growth.
Keywords
Aghion, PH. & P. Howitt. (1992). A Model of Growth through Creative Destruction. Econometrica, 60(2): 323-351.## Anooshe, SH. (2011). Effect of R&D Expenditure on Economic Growth in Separated by Investing Sections, Case Study: Members of Organization of Islamic Cooperation (in Persian). Quarterly Magazine of Applied Economics, 2(7): 60-78. ##Awokuse, T. (2007). Causality between Exports, Imports, and Economic Growth: Evidence from Transition Economics, Economic Letters, 94(3): 389-395. ##Coe, D. & E. Helpman. (1995). International R&D Spillovers. European Economic, 39 (5): 859–887. ##Coe, D., E. Helpman & A. Hoffmaister. (2008). International R&D Spillovers and Institutions. NBER Working Paper Series, Access by http://www.nber.org/papers/w14069. ##Cuaresma, C.J. & J. Worz. (2005). On Export Composition and Growth. Review of World Economics, 141(1): 33-49. ##Falk, M. (2007). R&D Spending in the High-Tech Sector and Economic Growth. Research in Economics, 61(3): 140–147. ##Fatahi, SH. & E. Rezaie. (2015). Effect of Export of Different Technology Levels on Growth of Factory Industries in Iran (in Persian). Quarterly Magazine of Researches and Economy Policies, 23(74): 95-116. ##Grossman, G. & E. Helpman. (1991). Quality Ladders in the Theory of Growth. Review of Economic Studies, 58(1): 43-61. ##Ha, J. & P. Howitt. (2007). Accounting for Trends in Productivity and R&D: A Schumpeterian Critique of Semi-Endogenous Growth Theory. Journal of Economics, 39(4): 733–774. ##Haji Mohammadi, F. & M. Arsalan Bod. (2015). the Relation between Higher Education and Higher Education Expenditure with Economic Growth of Iran in Recent Half a Century. The Fourth Conference on Islamic Growth Pattern of Iran (in Persian). National Library of the Islamic Republic of Iran. ##Han-Min Wang, D., T. Hui-Kuang & L. Yu Hong- Quan. (2013). Heterogeneous Effect of High-Tech Industrial R&D Spending on Economic Growth. Journal of Business Research, 66(1): 1990-1993. ##Howitt, P. & D. Mayer-Foulkes. (2005). R&D, Implementation, and Stagnation: A Schumpeterian Theory of Convergence Clubs. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 37(1): 147-177. ##Institute of Business Studies. (2015). An Analysis on Iran’s Non-Oil Trade Performance in the Recent Decade (in Persian). Trade Development Organization. ##Javadi, M. (2005). The Endogenous Growth Theory via Effects of International Technology Overflow by the Middle Products Flow and Investment to Iran (in Persian). Institute of Economic Affairs. ##Jones, Ch. (1995). Time Series Tests of Endogenous Growth Models. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110(2): 495-525. ##Karimi, F. & Y. Hasan Pour. (2011). Investigation of Competitively Effect of Iran Science-Based Industries on Trade with Southwest Region of Asia (in Persian). Quarterly Magazine of Economic Researches and Policies, 19(60): 90-112. ##Khalil, T. (2000). Management of Technology: The key to Competitiveness and Wealth the Creation, 1 (1): 56-86. ##Kilavuz, E. & B. Altay-Topcu. (2012). Export and Economic Growth in the Case of the Manufacturing Industry: Panel Data Analysis of Developing Countries. International Journal of Economics and Financial, 2(2): 201-21. ##Lall, S. (2000). Turkish Performance in Exporting Manufactures A Comparative Structural Analysis, Working Paper, 47. ##Lucas, R. (1988). On the Mechanics of Economic Development. Journal of Monetary Economics, 22(1): 3-42. ##Maleki, A. (2010). Effect of Technological Combination of Export on Economic Growth (in Persian). Quarterly Bulletin of Trade, 14(56): 149-176. ##Mody, A. & K. Yilmaz. (2002). Import Machinery for Export Competitiveness. The Worl Bank Economic Review, 16 (1): 23-48. ##Nofrasti, M. (2005). Unit Root and Co-Integration in Econometrics in Econometrics (in Persian). Tehran: Rasa Institute of Cultural Services. ##OECD, STAN. (2007). Indicators Database, International Trade by Commodity Statistics. www.OECD.org/sti/stan/indicators. ##Pajooyan, J. & M. Faghihnasiri. (2009). the Effect of Competitively on Economic Growth toward the Endogenous Growth Pattern (in Persian). Economic Research of Iran, 13(28): 97-132. ##Porter, M. (1985). Competitive Advantage: Creation and Sustain, Superior Performance. New York: Free Press. ##Puga, D. & D. Trefler. (2010). Wake Up and Smell the Ginseng: International Trade and the Rise of Incremental Innovation in Low-Wage Countries. Journal of Development Economics, 91(1): 64–76. ##Rabie, M. (2009). Effect of Innovation and Human Resource on Economic Growth of Iran (in Persian). Science and Development Magazine, 16(26): 123-141. ##Rahname Gharamaleki, GH, M.A. Motefaker Azad, R. Rajnpour & S. Kamal. (2004). Investigation on Effects of Inner R&D Expenditure, Technology Import and Interaction of Human Resources and Technology Import on Added Value in Big Industries of Iran (in Persian). Business Bulletin, 1(72): 25-52. ##Romer, P. (1986). Increasing Returns and Long Run Growth. Journal of Political Economy, 94(1): 100–137. ##Romer, P. (1990). Endogenous Technological Change. Journal of Political Economy, 98(5): 71-102. ##Saboniene, A. & D. Laskiene. (2015). Main Features of Advanced Technology Industries in Lithuania. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6 (6): 1-158. ##Samadi Moghadam, Y. & H. Adib. (2011). Effective Factors of on Successful Technology Transfer (in Persian). Ministry of Industry, Trade and Mine. Plans of Modern Industries. ##Schneider, P. H.(2005). International Trade, Economic Growth and Intellectual Property Rights: A Panel Data Study of Developed and Developing Countries. Journal of Development Economics, 78(1), Access by: www.elsevier.com/locate/econbase. ##Tashkini, A. (2005). Applied Econometrics via Macro fit (in Persian). Tehran: Dibagaran art and Culture Publications. ##UNIDO. (2016). Industrial Development Report. The Role of Technology and Innovation in Inclusive and Sustainable Industrial Development. ##Yadollah Zade Tabari, N., A. gholampour, Y. Isazadeh & M. Roshanzadeh. (2013). Effect of Capital Accumulation of R&D of Industrial Business Partner Countries on Level of productivity of all Parameters (in Persian). The First National Electronic Conference on Economic Outlook of Iran. Islamic Azad University of Khorasgan. ##Zahtabchian, M.H. & A. Naseri Giglo. (2010). Technology Transfer (in Persian). Management Age Magazine, 4(14): 110-115. ##Zarei, S., A. Izadkhah Tahan, Khaledian & Barati. (2016). Performance Analysis of Major Non-Oil Product Exports in 2 Months of 2016. Department of Export Promotion. Office of Export Development (in Persian). ##Zaribaf, S.M., N. Parastesh, S. Asadbeygi, S. Ghahremani & M.A. Kamali. (2007). Identification of Problems of Export Unions and Presenting Suitable Solutions to Facilitate the Non-Oil Exports (in Persian). ##Zenooz, H., B. Farzin, M.R. Mazar Yazdi & A. Arab. (1997). Test of Application of Exogenous Growth Patter in Iran Economics (in Persian). Plan and Budget Magazine, 15(1): 13-46. ##Taherinejad, M. & M.M. Rahimi Razavieh. (2012). Problems of Science-Based firms in Custom Formalities in Entry and Exit of Goods. Vice President for Science and Technology-Office of Science and Technology Policy (in Persian). Iran Technology Analysts Network (ITAN). ##Young, A. (1991). Learning by Doing the Dynamic Effects of International Trade. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106(2): 369-400. ##
)