نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 هیات علمی دانشگاه تبریز

2 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

در چند دهه اخیر انتشار بیشتر آلاینده‌های کربن ناشی از مصرف انرژی، اثرات مخرب بیشتری بر محیط زیست گذاشته است. سهم برخی صنایع و بخش‌های تولیدی نسبت به سایر بخش‌ها بیشتر بوده و از کشوری به کشور دیگر ممکن است متفاوت باشد. برخی کشورها با انتقال صنایع آلاینده به کشورهای دیگر جنگ کربن را شروع نموده‌اند. این در حالی است که هر کشور با توجه به موقعیت زیستی اش ظرفیتی در جذب آلاینده‌ها دارد. اگر رد پای کربن بیشتر از این ظرفیت باشد اثرات مخرب بر محیط زیست پیرامون وارد می‌شود. از اینرو کشورها سعی در صادرات کالاهایی دارند که کربن کمتری انتشار دهد و از تولید مازاد کالاهایی که انتشار کربن بالایی دارد می‌پرهیزند از اینرو تمایل دارند کالاهای آلاینده را بیشتر وارد نمایند به طوریکه تراز تجاری رد پای کربن آن کالا منفی شود. در این پژوهش تراز تجاری رد پای کربن 86 بخش اقتصادی با استفاده از روش ماتریس حسابداری اجتماعی سال 1390 مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است. نتایج حاکی از این است که کل تراز تجاری رد پای کربن کشور منفی 4.5 تن است که این تراز منفی نسبت ناچیزی از کل رد پای کربن بخش‌های اقتصادی است. بخشهای نفت، توزیع گاز طبیعی، ساخت مواد شیمیایی و محصولات شیمیایی، حمل و نقل جاده‌ای به ترتیب بیشترین تراز تجاری رد پای کربن مثبت و بخش‌های ساخت محصولات غذایی، ساخت وسایل نقلیه موتوری، تریلر و نیم تریلر، ساخت فلزات اساسی به ترتیب منفی ترین تراز تجاری کربن دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of the carbon footprint trade balance in Iran's economic sectors whit in the social accounting matrix(SAM) approach

چکیده [English]

In recent decades, releasing more carbon emissions resulting from energy consumption, more damaging effects on the environment is set up.Some of the Industries and manufacturing sectors share some sectors more than others, and from one country to another countries may vary. Some countries have started the carbon war by transfer of polluting industries to other countries. However, each country according to its biological status has a capacity to absorb pollutants. If carbon footprint is higher than the absorb capacity potential harmful effects on the environment is entered. In this paper, economic sectors carbon footprint trade balance by using Social Accounting Matrix 1390 is studied. Results indicate that in 1390, the negative trade balance of the country's carbon footprint is 4.5 tonnes. That is only 8-thousandth of the total economic sectors's carbon footprint. Sector of oil, natural gas distribution, manufacture of chemicals and chemical products, transport have a highest positive carbon footprint trade balance and food products, manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers, manufacture of basic metals have the most negative The carbon trade balance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sustainable Development
  • carbon footprint trade balance
  • social accounting matrix and economic sectors
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